Introduction History often remembers the giants — the kings and presidents, the generals and revolutionaries — yet it is frequently the quieter figures, those working behind the scenes, who have shaped the world in subtle but profound ways. Elizabeth of York, the queen consort of Henry VII and mother to Henry VIII, is one such figure. Despite

Throughout history, rulers and conquerors often cloaked their economic ambitions in religious rhetoric. Divine Right of Kings Monarchs claimed their authority and conquests were sanctioned by God, discouraging opposition and uniting subjects. Papal Bulls and Crusade Indulgences Popes granted permission for conquests, often exchanging

Many historical conflicts were propelled by a combination of religious fervor and the pursuit of wealth. The two forces often intertwined, with religion used to legitimize conquests that were economically motivated. The Crusades and Economic Ambitions While framed as holy wars, the Crusades also had clear material incentives. Control of Trade

The Age of Exploration (15th to 17th centuries) marked a dramatic intensification of the battle for gold, as European powers sought new lands rich in resources. Spanish Conquests in the Americas Perhaps the most famous example is the Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Inca empires. Driven by a thirst for gold and silver, conquistadors like Her